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The incidence of allergic diseases has increased gradually year by year, which gravely influence the quality life, and mental and physical health of children.In view of that, the construction of the health education system in children with allergic diseases is the way to instruct parents and children in children′s health effectively and prevent diseases, thus promoting the healthy growth of children.This article aims to discuss the necessity of health education in children developing with allergic diseases, the establishment of teacher resources systems, the diversity of health education and the organization and management of patients.
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Anaphylaxis is increasingly in children, which is currently undernotified, underdiagnosed, and undertreated in China.In order to further improved the understanding and management of anaphylaxis, this issue reviews the pathogenesis, triggers and risk factors, clinical diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis, thus offers the recommedations of anaphylaxis in Chinese children based on previous published evidence-based guidelines and practice parameters.Recommendation aims to develop guiding principles for the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in children, and provide a framework for the development of new guidelines.
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Objective To investigate the correlation among fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), child asthma control test(C-ACT) and lung function in asthmatic children and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 108 cases of asthmatic children in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June 2016 to September 2018 were recruited. Forty-seven cases (47.44%) were in acute onset, 40 cases(40.37%) were in chronic persistent, and 21 cases (21.19%) were in paracmasis. FeNO, lung function and C-ACT score were measured, and the correlation among them was analyzed. Results The level of FeNO in acute onset patients and chronic persistent patients had no significant difference:(44.18 ± 25.47)×10-9 vs. (46.98 ± 27.50)×10-9, P>0.05, but the level of FeNO in paracmasis patients was lower [(24.43 ± 10.71) × 10-9], compared with that of acute onset patients and chronic persistent patients, there were significant differences (P < 0.01). The scores of C-ACT in three groups had significant difference (P < 0.01), and there were significant differences between any two groups (P <0.01). The levels of forced expiratory peak flow rate measured value as a percentage of predicted value (FEV1%) and forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity ratio in the first second (FEV1/FVC) in acute onset patients were significantly lower than those in chronic persistent patients and paracmasis patients (P <0.01), and there were no significant differences between chronic persistent patients and paracmasis patients (P＞0.05). Conclusions Compared with lung functions and C-ACT, FeNO is a good biomarker to evaluate the airway inflammation of asthmatic children.
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Objective To compare the sensitivity and specificity of dot immunogold method (DIM) and particle agglutination (PA) for the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection. Methods The 190 serum specimens of 113 children with mycoplasmal pneumonia (infection group) and 50 serum specimens of 50 health children (health group) were tested for MP by PA and DIM- A and B. Results In infection group, the positive rates of DIM- A and B were 82.63% (157/190) and 84.74%(161/190), and there was no statistical difference (χ2 = 0.31, P>0.05); the positive rate of PA (titer ≥1:160) was 70.00%(133/190), the positive rate of PA was significantly lower than that in DIM-A and B, and there were statistical differences (P0.05); the positive of PA was 8.00% (4/50), the positive rate of PA was significantly lower than that in DIM- A and B, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05 or<0.01). Conclusions Compared with the PA, DIM has low sensitivity and poor specificity for clinical diagnosis. DIM is not suitable for clinical diagnosis of MP infection.
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Objective To study the curative effect of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of infant with wheezy bronchitis through clinical symptom score. Methods One hundred infant of 4-23 months old with wheezy bronchitis treated were enrolled. According to the clinical symptom score, they were divided into light group (40 cases), moderate group (30 cases) and severe group (30 cases). Patients in each group were divided into atomization group and control group by random digits table. The clinical symptom score was compared between before treatment and after treatment. Results In light, moderate and severe group, the clinical symptom scores 24, 48, 72 h after treatment in atomization group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01 or<0.05). In light, moderate and severe group, the clinical symptom scores in atomization group were significantly decreased 24 h after treatment (P <0.05). In light and moderate group, the clinical symptom scores in control group were significantly decreased 48 h after treatment (P < 0.05), and in severe group, the clinical symptom score in control group was significantly decreased 72 h after treatment (P < 0.05). Factorial design data of variance analysis showed that in the treatment method, there were significantly differences between atomization group and control group (F=66.393, 5.093 and 154.326;P<0.01), in the treatment time aspect, there were significantly differences between atomization group and control group (F = 263.836, 182.568 and 75.587;P<0.01), and in terms of treatment method × time, there were significantly differences between atomization group and control group (F = 13.956, 6.414 and 5.628; P < 0.01). Conclusions Inhaled corticosteroids therapy in light, moderate and severe infant wheezy bronchitis can obviously improve the clinical symptoms and reduce the clinical symptom scores.
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Objective To investigate the potential suppression role of Pingchuan-Guben Decoction in airway chronic inflammation and remodeling by observing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and NF-κB on the mice asthma model Methods Forty Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups.Those were negative control group(A),asthma model group(B),Pingchuan-Guben Decoction group (C),and every group was 8 mice.Total and differential cells were counted from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).Histological examination(HE) was performed to observe the general pathologic alteration and analyze the thickness of airway wall.The protein expression of VEGF and NF-κB were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results (1)HE staining showed that compared with the Pingchuan-Guben Decoction group,there were a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration,heavier smooth muscle hypertrophy and mucous membrane hyperemia in mice of the asthma group,(2) The Eosinophil cell counting in BALF,airway wall thickness NF-κB,VEGF expression levels in rats asthma model group were (2.15 ± 0.44) × 108/L,(16.66 ± 1.52) μm2/μm,(36.01 ± 4.78),(35.87 ± 4.92) respectively,significantly higher than that in control group ((0.03 ±0.03) × 108/L,(6.61 ± 1.14) μm2/μm,(12.78 ± 1.47),(11.57 ± 1.64) ;P ＜ 0.01).The Eosinophil cell counting in BALF,airway wall thickness NF-κB,VEGF expression levels in Pingchuan-Guben Decoction group were (0.35 ± 0.12) × 108/L,(11.57 ± 1.26) μm2/μm,(29.13 ± 1.92),(28.28 ± 2.02) respectively,significantly higher than that in rats asthma model group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion PingchuanGuben Decoction can decrease NF-κB and VEGF expression of asthma mice,and then inhibits airway chronic inflammation and remodeling.
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Eighty one infants with severe asthma attacks were randomly divided into three groups:budesonide group (budesonide suspension + ventolin inhalation),methylprednisolone group (Ventolin inhalation + intravenous methylprednisoloue) and ventolin group (ventolin inhalation alone).Compared with the pre-treatment,the respiratory rate,heart rate,wheeze score,self-feeling score of three groups were gradually reduced (q=2.96-163.37,P＜0.05 or 0.01).The respiratory rate,heart rate of ventolin group was significantly higher than those of budesonide group (q=3.08,4.10,P＜0.05) and methylprednisolone group (q=3.24,3.34,P＜0.05) 4 h after treatment,wheeze score,self-feeling score of ventolin group was significantly higher than budesonide group (q=5.63-23.63,P＜0.01) and methylprednisolone group (q=6.76-23.72,P＜0.01) 4 and 12 h after treatment.Results indicate that budesonide suspension can achieve the same effect as intravenous methylprednisolone and bronchodilators alone may not effectively control the severe asthma attack in infants.
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Objective: To observe the effect of tripterygium polyglycosid(TP,雷公藤) on airway inflammation and remodeling in rats with asthma.Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided evenly into negative control group,positive control group,normal dose TP group(TPⅠ group) and small dose TP group(TPⅡgroup).The experimental model was induced by ovalbumin sensitization.Number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) was observed by immunocytochemical staining.The expressions of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B),matrix metalloproteinases-9(MMP-9) and tissue of inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1) were detected by immunohistochemistry method.Results: Compared with the negative control group,the counts of lymphocyte,neutrophilic leukocyte,macrophage and eosinocyte in BALF were elevated significantly,positive cell percentages of NF-?B, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissues increased greatly in positive control group,the differences being significant(all P